Chapter 3 Cellular Level Of Organization Flashcards

________________ are major components of the plasma membrane. They are made of a polar head and a non-polar tail.

A _____________________________ is a molecule with two fatty acids and a modified phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone.

Protein

DNA

Phospholipid

Phospholipid bilayer

Proteins are one of the least abundant organic molecules in living systems.

True

False

Which of the following is NOT the function of proteins?

Support

Defense

Regulation

Transport

Information storage

Metabolism

Motion

_____________________ is made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Lipid

Phospholipid

Membrane

Cell membrane

A and B

______________________is a lipid molecule with 2 fatty acid chains and a phosphate-containing group.

 

_______________________ separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment.

Lipid

Phospholipid bilayer

Membrane

Cell membrane

____________________ is a passive form of transport of molecules.

Diffusion

Simple diffusion

Osmosis

None of the above

_________________ occurs when a transporter is required to transport a molecule across the cell membrane without spending energy.

Diffusion

Active transport

Facilitated diffusion

Passive and active transport

Choose the factor that does NOT affect the rate of diffusion.

Mass of molecules diffusing

Solubility of the molecule

Concentration gradient

Color of the molecule

__________________ is diffusion of water across the plasma membrane due to concentration differences.

In a ________ solution cell gains water; In an __________________solution cell neither gains or loses water; In a _______________ solution – cell loses water.

Hypotonic; hypertonic; isotonic

Isotonic; hypotonic; hypertonic

Hypotonic; isotonic; hypertonic

Hypertonic; isotonic; hypotonic

______________ is a passive transport of water.

Osmosis

Diffusion

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

Which solutions are the blood cells in? select the words below:

Isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic

 

 

 

 

_______________  is the entire region of a cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope.

Cytoplasm

Nucleoplasm

Sarcoplasm

None of the above

_________________ are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

Nucleus

cytoplasm

_________________ are called the powerhouse of the cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

mitochondria

2 important functions of cytoskeletons are:

________________

________________

_________________ houses the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins.

 

Vocabulary

A selectively permeable membrane Diffusion

Concentration Osmosis

 

 Fill in the blanks for the following 8 questions. Words may be used more than once.

 

   refers to the amount of a substance in a given space.

 

   is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

 

Diffusion

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

osmosis

 

   allows some materials to pass through it but keeps other materials out.

Membrane

Selective membrane

Plasma membrane

Nuclear membrane

 

   is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.

Water diffusion

Osmosis

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

 

 

   moves wastes from inside of a cell to outside a cell.

 

   can be compared to a window screen.

 

   happens when water particles move from a place where their concentration is higher to a place where their concentration is lower.

 

__________________ is diffusion of water across the plasma membrane due to concentration differences.

 

______________ is a passive transport of water.

 

_________________ works against concentration (electrochemical) gradients using ATP (energy).

_________________ occurs when large amount of fluid or particles are brought

Large transport

Huge transport

Passive transport

Active transport

Bulk transport

_______________ occurs if the bulk transport carries the molecule into the cell by vacuole formation.

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

Exocytosis

Receptor mediated endocytosis

_______________ occurs when vesicles form around a liquid or around very small particles and take it into the cell.

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

Exocytosis

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Chapter 4 Tissues flashcard questions

 

_____________ is group of cells with common function.

Organelle

Organ

Tissue

Cellulose

________________ tissue covers the body; lines hollow organs, ducts, and cavities; forms glands

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

blood

 

________________ tissue protects and supports; binds organs; stores energy as fat; forms

blood.

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

Blood

nervous

________________ tissue specialized for contraction, forms 3 types of muscle in the body; produces heat.

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

Blood

nervous

________________ tissue detect/respond to changes in environment through electrical signaling.

Connective

Muscle

Blood

Nervous

_______________tissue membranes: compose organ linings and synovial membranes that make up synovial cavities.

Synovial

Connective

Epithelial

None of the above

 

___________ secrete mucous for protection, lubrication, etc.

All epithelia attached to basal _____________________.

Epithelial tissue is

Avascular

Vascular

Partly vascular, partly avascular

Has only lymphatic fluid

Basement membrane is a thin, protein based extracellular layer deep to the epithelium.

True

false

______________ epithelium is one layer, all cells attached to basement.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified cuboidal

Simple columnar

______________ epithelium is 2+ layers, deepest attached to basement.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified cuboidal

pseudostratified

 

______________ epithelium is simple but appears stratified.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified cuboidal

pseudostratified

 

______________ epithelial cells are thin and flat; material passes easily.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified cuboidal

pseudostratified

 

______________ epithelial cells are cube shaped, some with microvilli or cilia.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified cuboidal

pseudostratified

 

______________ epithelial cells are column shaped, with microvilli or cilia.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified columnar

pseudostratified

______________secrete substances into ducts, onto surfaces, or into the blood.

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Simple cuboidal

Stratified columnar

Simple columnar

 

 

 

_____________ glands secrete hormones directly to the blood.

Endocrine

Exocrine

Hypo

Hyper

None of the above

Endocrine glands don’t have ducts.

True

False

The matrix of a connective tissue may be liquid, semi-solid, or solid

True

False

Cells in connective tissue are widely separated

True

False

Extracellular matrix is non-living, makes most of the tissue and is composed of protein fibers and ground substance

True

False

Blood, adipose tissue and cartilage are examples of connective tissue.

True

False

_________________ connective tissue is very densely packed, has Fewer cells present, made of mostly collagen fibers/ fibroblasts. Tendons, pericardium, periosteum, heart valves are example of this kind of connective tissue.

 

_______________ connective tissue has compact and spongy types. The basic unit of this tissue is called osteon.

Spongy bone is filled with red bone marrow.

True

False

________________ is a connective tissue with liquid matrix and made of plasma and some dissolve substance.

__________________ is a connective tissue with liquid matrix with fewer dissolved proteins. It is a component of the immune system and filters fluid and returns it to blood.

Nervous tissue has 2 kinds of cells: _____________ and ________________.

_________________ convert stimuli to electrical impulses. They are excitable.

________________ support and hold neurons together.

3 parts of neurons: _________________, ________________ and _____________.

____________ of a neuron receive information from other sources.

___________ of a neuron contains the nucleus and other organelles.

___________ of a neuron are single, long processes that send impulses out.

 

 

 

 


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