The paper guiding questions: Do math manipulatives help students’ performance and test scores?
Do math manipulatives help students move from the concrete representation to the Abstract representation?

– Enhance understanding of the desktop study process so that students can practice their independent learning and critical thinking skills in order to improve their professional performance.
– Enable candidates to study in-depth an appropriate topic or issue that is of particular interest to them personally and of value to their professional practice and relevant organization (s).
– Extend and deepen understanding of the chosen area of investigation.
– Provide a vehicle for the demonstration of originality, initiative and reflection