ASSIGNMENT

3. In the OpenStax College Physics textbook, read the first part of Chapter 32 (Medical Applications of Nuclear Physics) up through and including Section 32.4 (Food Irradiation). Based on that reading, answer each of the questions below, in about 30-50 words each.
[a] What do you think is the longest half-life of a radioactive isotope that could be used for medical imaging? Explain your answer, and write down one or two other interesting things you learned in Section 32.1 of the text.
[b] How do the units rem, rad, and Ci (curie) mathematically convert to the units Sv (Sievert), gray (Gy), and Bq (bequerel) respectively? Also, write down one or two other interesting things you learned in Section 32.2 of the text.
[c] Do you know or have you read about anyone who has had radiation treatments for cancer? If not, fmd such a story on the intemet about such a person. Briefly, what course of treatment did they experience? How does that information relate to what you read in Section 32.3 of the text?
[d] If you eat food from supermarkets or restaurants, then you have almost certainly eaten irradiated food throughout your life. What one or two interesting things did you read about in Section 32.4 might affect how you feel about eating irradiated food in the future?

Mathematical Homework Assignment for Lecture 08
For these questions, you will refer to Section 7.6 (Conservation of Energy) in the OpenStax College Physics textbook. For all your answers, please write down your calculations and explain your reasoning. Draw sketches whenever helpful, and please use your units correctly. If you are using any online resources (such as unit conversion tools) other than the OpenStax textbook, give their URL and webpage title in your answers.

[a] A person has a weight at Earth’s surface of Z pounds. What is their mass in kilograms?
[b] If that person jumps six inches into the air, they will add 1.5 joules of potential energy to their body for each kilogram of mass they are. How much potential energy will they add in total if they jump at the bottom of a staircase and land on a higher step 12 inches up?
[c] How much sugar (which is a carbohydrate) would that person’s body need to metabolize to produce that much energy? You can estimate that stair-jumping is about as efficient as climbing.
[d] A typical fun-size (not full-size) candy bar has, in addition to other ingredients, 10 grams of sugar. How many 12-inch stair-jumps would this person need to do to use up the food energy stored in the sugar of such a candy bar? Does that seem like a reasonable number of stair-jumps to do in a typical exercise session?
Mathematical Homework Assignment for Lecture 07
For all your answers, please write down your calculations and explain your reasoning. Draw sketches whenever helpful, and please use your units correctly. If you are using any online resources (such as unit conversion tools) give their URL and webpage title in your answers.
[a] In the equation E = mc’ discovered by Albert Einstein in 1905, c is the speed of any particle of light traveling through vacuum. It is defined to be exactly 299,792,458 meters per second (m s’). What, then is c’ andwhat units should that quantity have? flow many digits are significant in that answer? Explain why.
[b] An object with a mass of Y kilograms would be equal in mass to about how many paper clips? As always, explain your reasoning and show all calculations that you use.
[c] If that object’s mass were converted into energy, how much energy would result? Make sure to give your answers in units of kilogram meters squared per second squared (kg m2 s’). Two digits of your answer are significant.
[d] Does that amount of energy seem like a lot or a little? Explain your answer, citing any sources you use.
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Mathematical Homework Assignment for Lecture 06
For all your answers, please write down your calculations and explain your reasoning. Draw sketches whenever helpful, and please use your units correctly. If you are using any online resources (such as unit conversion tools) give their URL and webpage title in your answers.
[a] A liter is a measure of volume equal to 1000 cc (cm). About how tall do you think a person with a body volume (head + limbs + torso) of Z liters would be? Feel free to make measurements of your own body to get useful data that would help you answer this question.
[b] Let’s say this person also happens to have a mass of Z kilograms (kg). How many pounds would this person weigh?
[c] What would be the density of this person? Give the answer in units of kg ni3 and in g/cc.
[d] Does this density seem reasonable to you? In other words, do you think a person could be about that tall and weigh about that much? Why or why not?
Mathematical Homework Assignment for Lecture 05 For all your answers, please write down your calculations and explain your reasoning. Draw sketches whenever helpful, and please use your units correctly. If you are using any online resources (such as unit conversion tools) give their URL and webpage title in your answers.
[a] You are about to lift a small child off the ground. This child weighs Z pounds. How many newtons of gravitational force downward does this child produce?
[b] Use a ruler to measure, to the nearest centimeter, the distance from: The center of your hand to your elbow. Let’s call this distance r,. Your elbow to your shoulder. Let’s call this distance r2. Your shoulder to your lower back (spine). Let’s call this distance r3.
[c] If you lift the child up off the ground, you will experience a moment of force — that is, a torque — on the set of joints from your hand to your spine. Draw a simple sketch (a stick figure is fine) of the physical system where you lift the child with your outstretched arms bent over at your waist, and compute the torque (in units of newton meters, or N m) at your elbow (distance r,), at your shoulder (r, + r2), and at your spine (r, + r2+ r3).
[d] A set of small muscles are attached to your spine at a distance of about 2 inches (0.05 m) from the spine itself. Those muscles must exert force to balance the torque you experience when lifting the child. How much force will those back muscles experience? How many times more force is that than the actual weight of the child?
[e] If, rather than bending at the waist with outstretched arms, you instead stand close to the child, bend at the knees, and lift by straightening your legs while keeping your back close to vertical, how much force will those back muscles experience? Draw a sketch of this physical system to show where the torques would be. What do you think would be the health advantages or disadvantages of this lifting method?
PHY 114 Study Guide Assignment Sheet — Lecture 06

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3. Watch Segment D (Vectors and Scalars), Segment E (Graphical Resolution of Vectors) and Segment F (Mathematic Resolution of Vectors) at https://www.gpb.org/physics-in-motion (The GPB Physics In Motion video series). Then write answers to the following questions, showing all your calculations.
[a] A child with mass Y kilograms (kg) who is skating eastward in a hockey rink at Y centimeters per second (cm/s) runs into another child, also with mass Y kg, who is skating northward at Z cm/s. The children grab onto each other and keep moving across the ice. Draw a diagram of this interaction, labeling all the relevant objects, quantities, and velocity vectors before and after the collision.
[b] What is the velocity (magnitude and direction) of the two children after they collide? Your answer should be significant to two digits.
[c] Do you think these two children are likely to have been injured in the collision? In a paragraph of at most 50 words, explain using scientific and mathematical reasoning why you think so or not. List any reference sources, such as books or websites, if you used them to help you come to your conclusion.
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4. Watch Segment B (Scientific Notation and Unit Conversions) and Segment C (Significant Figures) of the Physics in Motion series https://www.gpb.org/physics-in-motion and compute and write answers to the following questions.
[a] If a hockey puck of mass Y grams (g) is moving at Z centimeters per second (cm/s), what is the momentum of this puck in units of kilogram meters per second (kg m/s)?
[b] If a child with mass Y kilograms (kg) is being accelerated in a car at 0.89 meters per second squared (m/s2), then how much force is being exerted on that child? You may choose what units to use to express that force; in this instance, your answer is significant to only two digits.
[c] In 20-40 words, explain why you think scientists make such a big deal about significant digits. Why should we not, for example, just write down all the digits on your calculator screen as an answer to a math-based science problem?
5. Create a question about a person experiencing X newtons of force that uses Newton’s Third Law of Motion to answer it. Then answer it. You will be evaluated on both the appropriateness of the question and the correctness of the answer.

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3. For the following questions, please handwrite all your answers on a separate sheet of paper. You must write your solutions by hand, cite all your references, and show all your calculations.
[a] Read the essay “Science as Falsification” by Karl Popper. Then write a 30-50 word summary of what you feel are the main ideas of this essay. Based on your reading, do you agree with Karl Popper’s definition of science? (The essay is at staff.washington.edu/lynnhank/Popper-l.pdf or eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/liu10/files/2010/08/Kpopper_Falsification.pdf) Why or why not?
[b] Watch the Crash Course Philosophy video #8 at youtube.com/watch?v=-X8Xfl0RITQ (Karl Popper, Science, and Pseudoscience). Answer in roughly 50 words this question: how does this video’s presentation of Karl Popper’s idea of science as falsifiability connect with the concepts expressed in Lecture 02 about what science is? If it doesn’t, explain why not.
[c] Referring to the video in Part [b] above, what are one or two big ideas expressed between 6:00 and 8:00 of Crash Course Philosophy #8 that have made an impression on you? Explain why they made an impression on you personally.
[d] Go to youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIjnepQR5pV-3iTxs34-GIZsSRwHQso5r [Science Forward Class Videos]. Look through it; choose two videos in the playlist to watch except for the first one. Watch those videos; write down their title, why you chose the video, one person that spoke about their scientific work on the video, and one idea that is particularly interesting to you. Your answer for each video should be roughly 50 words in length.
[e] This is a mathematical exercise. Using the relationship “force equals mass times acceleration,” write an answer to the following question: if an object with mass X grams is being accelerated at Z centimeters per second squared, then how much force is being exerted on the object? Show your calculations on the page.
PHY 114 Study Guide Assignment Sheet — Lecture 03 Name Last 4 digits of Student 1110 You should read through this study guide first before you start watching the lecture video.

3. For the following questions, handwrite all your answers on a separate sheet of paper. You may use any resources you wish to answer them. You must write your solutions by hand, cite all your references, and show all your calculations.
[a] Watch the video https://youtube.com/watch?v=GOuZkYDQjpc (Dianna’s Intro Physics Class: Trailer). As presented in this video, what is physics? Is it consistent with your experiences with physics to date, and why? (Your answers should total 30-50 words.)
[b] Watch the video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2vpZR_q-CI (What is Physics? Physics In Motion). How does the defmition of physics presented in this video compare to that from the video in Question 4 above? Based on this definition, give an example of physics in your own life. (Your answers should again total 30-50 words.)
[c] In the OpenStax College Physics online textbook, read the “Section Summary” parts of Chapter 1 (Introduction: The Nature of Science and Physics) and Chapter 2 (Kinematics). In a roughly 30-50 word answer, write down which concepts and equations in these two summaries are familiar to you from previous science courses, and which are new to you. Remember, don’t worry if a lot of this is new to you — that’s what this course is all about.

4. Video Assignment for Lecture 01 After you have read the course syllabus and first day handout, make a short (15-30 second) video of yourself (phone, Zoom, or any kind of tech is fine) saying your name your student ID number the date. day. and time and the following sentence