Question 1
Why undertake research?
To provide solutions to a problem.
To generate new knowledge.
To explore and analyze more general issues.
To prove our own beliefs.

QUESTION 2
An abstract is valuable in identifying what type of study you will read because it is a brief summary of the study.
True
False

QUESTION 3
A researcher whose beliefs are grounded in Positivism would reject the concept that there is a place for feelings, emotions and beliefs in research projects.
True
False

QUESTION 4
When testing a hypothesis, the researcher can propose a null hypothesis to prove there is no relationship between the variables under investigation.
True
False

QUESTION 5
A hypothesis is essentially a [_________] result, based on existing knowledge.

QUESTION 6
The distinction between qualitative and quantitative research refers to the characteristics of the [____] collected by the researcher.

QUESTION 7
The use of [_________] measurement and analysis is referred to as a quantitative approach, that is, research that involves measurable “quantities.”

QUESTION 8
The author discusses two key terms that deal with the philosophy of knowledge and how knowledge is acquired. Those two key terms are: ontology and epistemology.
True    False

QUESTION 9
Focusing your research question. When you have decided on a research question, you should employ the CAFE acronym to help you decide if you can answer that question. True or False, CAFE stands for: Complexity Access Facilities Expertise.
Do these four words constitute the main aspects of the acronym? You may ignore any other terms the authors may use.
True
False
QUESTION 10

Linking quantitative and qualitative data provides a way to use [_________],
the traditional language of research, along with anecdotes and narratives for
further clarity in understanding physical activity involvement.
QUESTION 11
Qualitative research, on the other hand, aims to capture qualities that are not [___________], that is, reducible to numbers, such as feelings, thoughts and experiences.

QUESTION 12
The statement, “Children with parents who participate regularly in sport are more likely to have positive attitudes towards sports participation themselves” is a good example of a/an.
Qualitative belief
Inductive perception
hypothesis statement
Phenomenological approach

QUESTION 13
Interpretivists adhere to the tenets of the natural sciences and view behavior as directly measurable and explainable via laws.
True
False

  QUESTION 14
The text lists several purposes of a literature review; which is NOT a purpose?
To demonstrate familiarity with the subject.
To provide an outline of relevant theories.
To focus the research question.
To disprove previous theories..
QUESTION 15
One problem with using books as part of the literature review is that they may become [________].
QUESTION 16
Past theses are acceptable sources for your literature review.
True
False
QUESTION 17

Literature reviews contain two types of data:  and .
QUESTION 18
According to the text, a theory, simply put, is an [__________] of why things occur

QUESTION 19
From the authors’ experience, research that is not theoretrically informed and not grounded in the existing body of knowledge, will generate findings of a narrow and [____] value.

QUESTION 20

In constructing a research study, variables can be quantitatively measured in [____] different,
(ways) of measurement. These are all types of scales.
QUESTION 21
A good hypothesis must be better than other possible or rival hypotheses.
True
False

QUESTION 22
There are two key concepts by which the quality of research is assessed. They are the study’s reliability and [________].

 
QUESTION 23

Face validity is important to prevent participants (in your study) becoming
frustrated by having to answer questions that they may feel are irrelevant
or unrelated to the subject under investigation
True
False
6 points
QUESTION 24
Often you will see reference to good research as being ’empirical’ in nature. This means that the conclusions drawn are based upon evidence rather than [__________] or speculation.

6 points
QUESTION 25
A very good reason to focus your research question is that it can limit the number of [__________] variables you can anticipate.

6 points
QUESTION 26
One way to account for moderating variables is to use a [_______] group.

QUESTION 27
Case Study research involves the intensive study of a specific case.
True
False
6 points
QUESTION 28
It is valid (acceptable) to propose a research study based on an in-depth study of a single athlete.
True
False
QUESTION 29
Cross-sectional or [______] research designs are perhaps the most common designs within the social sciences, especially within sport-related research.

QUESTION 30
A time series design involves measuring the dependent variable over an extended period both before and after the effect of the [__________] variable.

QUESTION 31
X1➞X2➞X3➞X4➞X5➞ ➞➞➞➞➞➞➞➞➞➞➞ time This formula is an expression of:
A case study
An Experimental Design
A Longitudinal Design
A Cross-Sectional Design

QUESTION 32
The in-depth study of a group through immersion into the culutre of that group, often for an extended period of time, is called an [___________].

QUESTION 33

Among the types of sampling techniques, the four most common are: random sampling,
certified sampling, systematic sampling, variegated sampling
True
False

QUESTION 34
Snowball sampling, theoretical sampling, and typical cases are examples of [______________] sampling methods.

QUESTION 35
Questionnaires are seldom used in sports related research.
True
False

QUESTION 36
Questionnaires are appropriate in a variety of contexts, where relatively simple, generally [___________] information is required from a large sample group.

QUESTION 37
There are several advantages to a questionnaire survey. One advantage that is NOT listed by the authors is:
Accessibilty
The ability to probe subjects
Anonymity
Structured data

QUESTION 38
Generally, a [______] scale is used to assess attitudes

QUESTION 39
In ordering a questionnaire, try to begin the questionnaire with a few straightforward, [______] questions requiring factual answers if at all possible.

QUESTION 40
If you choose an interview format to collect data for your study, you may choose from one of [____] categories of interview.

 
QUESTION 41

Interviews tend to provide much richer data than, for example, a questionnaire survey
True
False
6 points
QUESTION 42
An interview can be more [__________] than other methods (of gathering data).

 

QUESTION 43
It would be (for research purposes) inappropriate to introduce the purpose and structure of an intervew with a subject beforehand.
True
False

QUESTION 44
It would be inappropriate to establish rapport with the interview subject since this could taint the data collected.
True
False

QUESTION 45

An interviewer can use two types of probing questions: clarification and elaboration.
True    False
6 points
QUESTION 46
The authors of the text cite Baker (1994) suggesting [____] basic rules to follow for every interview.

QUESTION 47

Unobtrusive methods of observation and content analysis are
often advantageous because the participants are unlikely to react to them
and alter their behaviors. As a consequence, they are often unreliable.
True
False

QUESTION 48
Observation is generally more suitable for descriptive research rather than for explanatory research.
True
False
QUESTION 49
The observational approach can be difficult because what to look for, and how to ensure that nothing of importance is missed, are key issues. One way to prevent this is to use [__________] such as video recording

QUESTION 50
Research designs are often affected by variables. There are two important types of variables: , .